Texas Tech 2010 chemistry lab explosion

Make sure to follow the podcast on instagram and twitter @eng_misjudgment for pictures for each episode.

Sources:

• Health, Safety and Environment at U of A. (2012, January 20). Texas Tech Lab Explosion . Youtube. Retrieved March 10, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sjDdl_d8br8 
• Kemsley, J. N. (2010, August 23). Texas Tech Lessons. C&EN. Retrieved March 9, 2022, from https://cen.acs.org/articles/88/i34/Texas-Tech-Lessons.html 
• NASA. (2012, July). Don't mess with excess . Retrieved March 10, 2022, from https://sma.nasa.gov/docs/default-source/safety-messages/safetymessage-2012-07-09-texastechlaboratoryexplosion.pdf?sfvrsn=e9ae1ef8_6 
• Reason Explains Swiss Cheese Model . YouTube. (2018, October 22). Retrieved March 10, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KND5py-z8yI 
• State of Texas and Texas Tech University. (n.d.). Texas Tech University. Retrieved March 9, 2022, from https://www.ttu.edu/about/ 
• U.S. Chemical Safety Board. (n.d.). Texas Tech University Chemistry Lab Explosion. CSB. Retrieved March 9, 2022, from https://www.csb.gov/texas-tech-university-chemistry-lab-explosion/ 
• U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (n.d.). About. Alert: Awareness and localization of explosive-related threats. Retrieved March 9, 2022, from https://alert.northeastern.edu/about/ 

Learn more about the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association in this episode of Alphabet Soup

Proof of baby Shannon competing at the NOSB. http://nosb.org 

Sources:

• DORIAN Graphics Archive: 5-day Probability of Tropical-Storm-Force-Winds. NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER and CENTRAL PACIFIC HURRICANE CENTER. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2019/DORIAN_graphics.php?product=wind_probs_34_F120 
• Freedman, A., & Samenow, J. (2020, June 16). NOAA leaders Violated Agency's scientific integrity policy, Hurricane Dorian 'Sharpiegate' investigation finds. The Washington Post. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2020/06/15/noaa-investigation-sharpiegate/ 
• Johnson, S. (n.d.). Fight or flight. Adobe Creative Cloud Express. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://spark.adobe.com/page/PK4Gu0uJLhKyJ/ 
• Mervis, J. (2012, January 12). Why NOAA is in the Commerce Department. Science. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.science.org/content/article/why-noaa-commerce-department 
• NOAA's National Weather Service. (n.d.). National Weather Service. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.weather.gov/ 
• Our Mission & Vision. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.noaa.gov/our-mission-and-vision 
• Tabuchi, H. (2017, February 20). How an interoffice spat erupted into a climate-change furor. The New York Times. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/20/business/energy-environment/climate-change-dispute-john-bates.html 
• Thomas, E. (2015, June 15). An Excerpt From Being Nixon: A Man Divided . The Atlantic. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/06/the-complexity-of-being-richard-nixon/394547/ 
• US Department of Commerce, N. O. A. A. (2021, February 26). Wind threat description. National Weather Service. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.weather.gov/mlb/seasonal_wind_threat
• Vaidyanathan, G. (2015, November 24). NOAA climate science probe: Cover-up or "weapon of mass distraction"?Scientific American. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/noaa-climate-science-probe-cover-up-or-weapon-of-mass-distraction/

Discussing the worst methane leak at the Marcellus Shale with guest Thomas Marshall III & Caleb Todd. Go check their podcast and blog here: https://www.whynotapodcast.com. 

Sources

• Mufson, S. (2019, December 16). A blowout turned an Ohio natural gas well into a methane 'super-emitter'. The Washington Post. Retrieved January 13, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/a-blowout-turned-an-ohio-gas-well-into-a-methane-super-emitter/2019/12/16/fcbdf622-1f9e-11ea-bed5-880264cc91a9_story.html 
• Pandey, S., Gautam, R., Houweling, S., van der Gon, H. D., Sadavarte, P., Borsdorff, T., Hasekamp, O., Landgraf, J., Tol, P., van Kempen, T., Hoogeveen, R., van Hees, R., Hamburg, S. P., Maasakkers, J. D., & Aben, I. (2019). Satellite observations reveal extreme methane leakage from a natural gas well blowout. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(52), 26376–26381. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908712116 
• Plumer, B. (2014, April 15). Fracking, explained. Vox. Retrieved January 13, 2022, from https://www.vox.com/2014/4/14/18076690/fracking 
• U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). (2021, December 2). Natural Gas Explained. U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Retrieved January 13, 2022, from https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/natural-gas/ 
• WOSU 89.7 NPR News | By Paige Pfleger. (2021, September 2). A fracking explosion in Ohio created one of worst methane leaks in history. WOSU News. Retrieved January 13, 2022, from https://news.wosu.org/news/2019-12-19/a-fracking-explosion-in-ohio-created-one-of-worst-methane-leaks-in-history 

Learn more about the U.S. Energy Information Administration in this episode of alphabet soup.

Sources:

• A&E Television Networks. (2010, August 30). Energy Crisis (1970s). History.com. Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.history.com/topics/1970s/energy-crisis  
• Grunwald, M. (2015, June 24). Why are the government's energy forecasts so bad? The Agenda. Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2015/06/why-are-the-federal-governments-energy-forecasts-so-bad-000111/  
• Legal Information Institute. (n.d.). 15 U.S. Code § 761 - Congressional Declaration of Purpose. Legal Information Institute. Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/761  
• Office of Management and Budget. (n.d.). Chief statistician/statistical and science and policy branch. USAJOBS. Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.usajobs.gov/job/616715700  
• Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. (n.d.). OAPEC. Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.oapecorg.org/Home/FAQs  
• U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). (n.d.). U.S. Energy Information Administration. About EIA - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.eia.gov/about/  
• The United States Government. (2021, December 22). Statistical Programs & Standards. The White House. Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/information-regulatory-affairs/statistical-programs-standards/  

Learn more about the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in this bonus episode

• Cable News Network. (n.d.). 1969: An eventful summer. CNN. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.cnn.com/2009/US/08/09/summer.1969.timeline/index.html
• Environmental Protection Agency. (2016, August 11). Indiana and federal EPA announce issuance of nation's first wastewater permits. EPA. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://archive.epa.gov/epa/aboutepa/indiana-and-federal-epa-announce-issuance-nations-first-wastewater-permits.html  
• Environmental Protection Agency. (n.d.). EPA Administrator. EPA. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/epa-administrator
• Environmental Protection Agency. (n.d.). EPA's Budget and Spending. EPA. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.epa.gov/planandbudget/budget 
• Environmental Protection Agency. (n.d.). Evolution of the Clean Air Act. EPA. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act-overview/evolution-clean-air-act#caa70
• Environmental Protection Agency. (n.d.). Our Mission and What We Do. EPA. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/our-mission-and-what-we-do 
• NBCUniversal News Group. (2008, April 23). Meddling at EPA? Activists Point to Survey. NBCNews.com. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna24276709  

1969 Cuyahoga River Fire

Make sure to follow the podcast on instagram and twitter @eng_misjudgment for pictures for each episode.

Sources:

• Bella, L. L. (2009). Not enough to drink: Pollution, drought, and tainted water supplies. Rosen Pub. 
• Black history month: Defining environmental justice. Conservancy for Cuyahoga Valley National Park. (2020, February 13). Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.conservancyforcvnp.org/defining-environmental-justice-how-the-conservancy-and-the-local-community-are-continuing-carl-stokes-legacy/
• Bobkoff, D. (2009, June 22). Ohio's burning river in better health 40 years later. NPR. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=105750930 
• Brueck, H. (2019, June 22). The Cuyahoga River caught fire 50 years ago. these stomach-churning photos highlight why the EPA exists. Business Insider. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.businessinsider.com/vintage-photos-of-cuyahoga-river-on-fire-before-epa-2019-6#as-president-ronald-reagan-put-it-in-his-1984-state-of-the-union-address-preservation-of-our-environment-is-not-a-liberal-or-conservative-challenge-its-common-sense-24 
• CUYAHOGA RIVER FIRE. Encyclopedia of Cleveland History | Case Western Reserve University. (2020, January 14). Retrieved December 21, 2021, from https://case.edu/ech/articles/c/cuyahoga-river-fire 
• Emily Bamforth. (2019, June 19). A Cuyahoga River timeline, from Moses Cleaveland to blazing paddles. Cleveland. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.cleveland.com/life-and-culture/g66l-2019/06/b156c67fed368/a-cuyahoga-river-timeline-from-moses-cleaveland-to-blazing-paddles.html 
• Guerrieri Vince Guerrieri is a writer based in the Cleveland area., V. (2019, June 28). Smoke on the water: What we can learn 50 years after Cleveland's apocalyptic burning river. Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/energy/a28106182/cuyahoga-river-fire-cleveland-epa/ 
• Hogue, C. (2019, June 17). POLLUTION Marking 50 years since the Cuyahoga River fire, which sparked US environmental action. C&EN. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://cen.acs.org/environment/pollution/Marking-50-years-since-Cuyahoga/97/i24 
• Johnston, L. (2018, October 1). Cuyahoga River Partners Creating Water Trail. Cleveland. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.cleveland.com/metro/2018/10/cuyahoga_river_water_trail.html 
• Johnston, L. (2019, June 16). Cuyahoga River transforms from open sewer to paddlers' paradise: Cuyahoga50 by the numbers. Cleveland. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.cleveland.com/news/2019/06/cuyahoga-river-transforms-from-open-sewer-to-paddlers-paradise-cuyahoga50-by-the-numbers.html 
• Libretexts. (2020, August 15). Unusual properties of water. Chemistry LibreTexts. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Physical_Properties_of_Matter/States_of_Matter/Properties_of_Liquids/Unusual_Properties_of_Water 
• Maher, N. M. (2019, June 22). How many times does a river have to burn before it matters? The New York Times. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/22/climate/cleveland-fire-river-cuyahoga-1969.html 
• Miller, E. (2021, March 26). Fact-checking five myths of the 1969 fire on the Cuyahoga River. WOSU News. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://news.wosu.org/ideastream/2019-01-22/fact-checking-five-myths-of-the-1969-fire-on-the-cuyahoga-river#stream/0 
• Ohio History Central. (n.d.). Cuyahoga River Fire. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from http://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Cuyahoga_River_Fire 
• Rotman, M. (n.d.). Cuyahoga River Fire. Cleveland Historical. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/63 
• Smithsonian Institution. (2019, June 19). The Cuyahoga River caught fire at least a dozen times, but no one cared until 1969. Smithsonian.com. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/cuyahoga-river-caught-fire-least-dozen-times-no-one-cared-until-1969-180972444/ 
• U.S. Department of the Interior. (n.d.). Carl B. Stokes and the 1969 river fire . National Parks Service. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.nps.gov/articles/carl-stokes-and-the-river-fire.htm 
• U.S. Department of the Interior. (n.d.). Carl B. stokes: Ground-breaking Cleveland mayor. National Parks Service. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.nps.gov/people/carl-b-stokes.htm 
• U.S. Department of the Interior. (n.d.). Exploring Black History in Cuyahoga Valley . National Parks Service. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/exploring-black-history-in-cuyahoga-valley.htm 
• U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). Water. National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Database. Retrieved December 22, 2021, from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Water 

Water Science School (Ed.). (n.d.). Industrial Water Use completed. Retrieved December 21, 2021, from https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/industrial-water-use

Learn more about the U.S. Chemical Safety Board on this first episode of Alphabet Soup.

Sources:

• Campbell, A. F. (2020, July 28). A small federal agency focused on preventing industrial disasters is on life support. trump wants it gone. Vox. Retrieved October 29, 2021, from https://www.vox.com/2020/7/28/21336481/chemical-safety-hazard-investigation-board?fbclid=IwAR0D1MR1zhgHp67GmAg4VMxLm1utkoqpEHcEiI3tM2V1LA-cDpiOJzKOIds. 
• U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board. (n.d.). CSB. Retrieved October 29, 2021, from https://www.csb.gov/.
• United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2020, October 8). The Clean Air Act - Highlights of the 1990 Amendments. EPA. Retrieved October 28, 2021, from https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act-overview/clean-air-act-highlights-1990-amendments.

Three Mile Island Accident & Nuclear Energy

Make sure to follow the podcast on instagram and twitter @eng_misjudgment for pictures for each episode

Sources

• Blakemore, E. (2019, March 27). How the Three Mile Island Accident Was Made Even Worse By a Chaotic Response. HISTORY. https://www.history.com/news/three-mile-island-evacuation-orders-controversy
• Brady, J. (2019, May 8). Three Mile Island Nuclear Plant To Close, Latest Symbol Of Struggling Industry. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2019/05/08/721514875/three-mile-island-nuclear-plant-to-close-latest-symbol-of-struggling-industry
• Cusick, M. (2019, March 28). 40 Years After A Partial Nuclear Meltdown, A New Push To Keep Three Mile Island Open. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2019/03/28/707000226/40-years-after-a-partial-nuclear-meltdown-a-new-push-to-keep-three-mile-island-o
• DVORCHAK, B., & ROSENTHAL, H. F. (2017, May 30). AP WAS THERE: Three Mile Island nuclear power plant accident. AP NEWS. https://apnews.com/article/north-america-us-news-ap-top-news-exelon-corp-pennsylvania-ca23009ea5b54f21a3fed04065cacc7e
• National Geographic Society. (2012, October 9). nuclear energy. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/nuclear-energy/
• PBS. (2019, March 22). President Carter. American Experience | PBS. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/three-president-carter/
• Sandman, P. M. (2018, December 3). The Communications Failures Lessons of Three Mile Island. POWER Magazine. https://www.powermag.com/the-communications-failures-lessons-of-three-mile-island/
• Sepulveda, N. A., Jenkins, J. D., de Sisternes, F. J., & Lester, R. K. (2018). The Role of Firm Low-Carbon Electricity Resources in Deep Decarbonization of Power Generation. Joule, 2(11), 2403–2420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.08.006
• StateImpact Pensylvania. (2019, March 29). Meltdown at Three Mile Island: 40 Years Later [Video]. StateImpact Pennsylvania. https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2019/03/28/watch-meltdown-at-three-mile-island-40-years-later/
• The New York Times. (2014, April 29). Three Mile Island Documentary: Nuclear Power’s Promise and Peril | Retro Report [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0P9S4F4KpQ
• U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). (n.d.). Nuclear explained. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/nuclear/
• U.S. NRC. (n.d.-a). Backgrounder on the Three Mile Island Accident. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/3mile-isle.html
• U.S. NRC. (n.d.-b). Three Mile Island Nuclear Station, Unit 1. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactors/tmi1.html
• U.S. NRC. (2013, April 8). Moments in NRC History: Three Mile Island - March 28,1979 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUct_69kNpQ
• Vox. (2021, October 1). Why nuclear plants are shutting down [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KC7YD98HixM
• World Nuclear Association. (n.d.). Three Mile Island | TMI 2 |Three Mile Island Accident. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/safety-of-plants/three-mile-island-accident.aspx

The Bhopal Tragedy and Plume Gas.

*correction: UUC should be UCC (Union Carbide Corp.)

Make sure to follow the podcast on instagram and twitter @eng_misjudgment for pictures for each episode

Sources:

• AIChE. (2021, November 7). CCPS Process Safety Glossary. CCPS. https://www.aiche.org/ccps/resources/glossary?title=gas#views-exposed-form-glossary-page
• Anderson, C. (2014, November 2). Warren M. Anderson, who was chief of Union Carbide during the Bhopal disaster in 1984, dies at 92. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/warren-m-anderson-who-led-union-carbide-during-1984-bhopal-disaster-dies-at-92/2014/11/02/31aa9c9e-61d8-11e4-8b9e-2ccdac31a031_story.html
• Broughton, E. The Bhopal disaster and its aftermath: a review. Environ Health 4, 6 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-4-6
• Dow Corporate. (n.d.). West Virginia Operations. Retrieved September 21, 2021, from https://corporate.dow.com/en-us/locations/west-virginia
• Mandavilli, A. (2018, July 10). The World’s Worst Industrial Disaster Is Still Unfolding. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/07/the-worlds-worst-industrial-disaster-is-still-unfolding/560726/
• NBC News. (2014, December 6). Union Carbide Disaster In Bhopal India | Flashback [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHJs3TwgsUQ
• Patterson, B. (2020, September 24). Lawsuit Alleges Union Carbide Failed To Report Toxic Landfill. WVPB. https://www.wvpublic.org/news/2020-08-07/lawsuit-alleges-union-carbide-failed-to-report-toxic-landfill
• Peterson, MJ, "Title Case Study: Bhopal Plant Disaster" (2009). Ethics in Science and Engineering National Clearinghouse. 314. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/esence/314
• Taylor, A. (2021, July 1). Bhopal: The World’s Worst Industrial Disaster, 30 Years Later. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/12/bhopal-the-worlds-worst-industrial-disaster-30-years-later/100864/
• The Economist. (2014, December 2). The Bhopal gas tragedy: Toxic legacy [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IwPSDMUtNmk
• Tumulty, K. (2019, March 11). Scores Hurt by Leaking Chemicals : Faulty Valve Cited at Union Carbide’s West Virginia Plant. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-08-12-mn-3942-story.html
• Union Carbide Company. (n.d.). Union Carbide Company. Http://Www.Unioncarbide.Com/. Retrieved September 21, 2021, from http://www.unioncarbide.com
• USCSB. (2014, December 2). Reflections on Bhopal After Thirty Years [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZirRB32qzU
• Vice Asia. (2021, January 21). Why We Must Never Forget The Bhopal Gas Disaster | I Was There [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMQANu8PGMQ&feature=youtu.be
• Withnall, A. (2019, February 15). Bhopal gas leak: 30 years later and after nearly 600,000 were poisoned, victims still wait for justice. The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/bhopal-gas-leak-anniversary-poison-deaths-compensation-union-carbide-dow-chemical-a8780126.html

Dust and the Imperial Sugar Explosion. 

Make sure to follow the podcast on instagram and twitter at @eng_misjudgment for pictures for each episode!

Sources:

• CSB, Investigation Report: Sugar Dust Explosion and Fire (2009). Retrieved September 12, 2021, from https://www.csb.gov/assets/1/20/imperial_sugar_report_final_updated.pdf?13902. 
• Evers, J., & West, K. (Eds.). (2011, January 21). dust. National Geographic Society. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/dust/. 
• History | Imperial Sugar Company. Imperial Sugar Company. (n.d.). Retrieved September 12, 2021, from https://www.imperialsugarcompany.com/history/. 
• Landers, M. (2018, February 6). Imperial Sugar Tragedy: Repercussions Continue 10 Years Later. Savannah Morning News. Retrieved September 12, 2021, from https://www.savannahnow.com/news/2018-02-06/imperial-sugar-tragedy-repercussions-continue-10-years-later. 
• USCSB. (2009, October 5) Inferno: Dust Explosion at Imperial Sugar [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg7mLSG-Yws&t=568s

Follow the Podcast on Twitter & Instagram: @eng_misjudgment