Shadow Education and Graded Inequalities - How Coaching Reshapes Indian Education
14m | Oct 7, 2026Dr. Nivedita Sarkar examines shadow education: private, paid instruction outside school that mirrors the formal curriculum. Once a supplement at the margins of Indian education, tuition and, above all, commercial coaching have moved to the center, driven by distrust in schools and fierce competition for scarce university seats. Does this multi-billion-dollar industry level the playing field, or does it reproduce inequalities of caste, class, gender, and region? Dr. Sarkar's data show deep gaps in who can afford it. Tune in to hear what that means for the idea of merit and equity.
References
Bray, M. (1999). The shadow education system: Private tutoring and its implications for planners (Fundamentals of Educational Planning No. 61). UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning.
