JAMA October 2026 Risk-Based vs Annual Breast Cancer Screening The WISDOM Randomized Clinical Trial

A large-scale clinical trial involving more than 28,000 women was conducted to evaluate whether risk-based breast cancer screening serves as a viable substitute for traditional annual mammography. By utilizing genetic testing, polygenic risk scores, and clinical models, participants in the experimental group were assigned customized screening schedules tailored to their specific vulnerability levels. The findings demonstrated that this personalized approach successfully safely stratified participants without increasing the detection of advanced-stage tumors, though it paradoxically failed to lower overall biopsy rates despite requiring fewer mammograms. Ultimately, the research highlights that while tailored screening optimizes resource allocation and matches clinical intensity to individual hazard levels, additional refinements are necessary to reduce unnecessary diagnostic procedures.